1001Ferramentas
🧮 Calculators

Cost of Equity (Bond Yield Plus Premium)

Estimates the cost of equity using the bond yield plus risk premium method: it adds to the company's own long-term debt yield a risk premium for the gap between stocks and bonds. It's a quick alternative to the CAPM, useful when you lack a reliable beta: if the company pays 8% on its debt and the typical equity-over-debt premium is 4%, the cost of equity comes to around 12%. Enter the debt yield and the risk premium.

Resultado

Cost of Equity (Bond Yield Plus Premium)

Estimates the cost of equity using the bond yield plus risk premium method: it adds to the company's own long-term debt yield a risk premium for the gap between stocks and bonds. It's a quick alternative to the CAPM, useful when you lack a reliable beta: if the company pays 8% on its debt and the typical equity-over-debt premium is 4%, the cost of equity comes to around 12%. Enter the debt yield and the risk premium.

The shortcut to the cost of equity

Estimating the cost of equity via the CAPM requires a reliable beta, which doesn't always exist, especially for private companies or thinly-traded markets. The bond yield plus risk premium method offers a clever shortcut: it starts from what the company itself pays on its long-term debt and adds a premium for the risk difference between being a shareholder and being a creditor.

The logic is sound. If the market already prices the company's risk in the rate it pays to borrow, you just add the premium shareholders demand over creditors, historically around three to five percentage points. A company paying 8% on its debt would have a cost of equity in the 11% to 13% range. It's quick and dispenses with beta.

Enter the company's long-term debt yield and the risk premium you consider appropriate. The tool sums the two and returns the cost-of-equity estimate. Use it as a quick check or when you lack data for the CAPM, remembering the premium is the analyst's choice, not a market number.

Related Tools

🏛️

Cost of Preferred Stock

Computes the cost of capital of a preferred stock: the fixed annual dividend divided by the stock's market price, as a percentage. Since preferred stock usually pays a constant dividend, it behaves like a perpetuity, and its cost is the yield on that dividend. This figure goes into the WACC calculation as the cost of the preferred-capital slice. Enter the annual dividend and the preferred stock's price.

🧾

Residual Income

Computes a company's residual income: net income minus a charge for the use of equity capital, equal to the capital times the required cost of capital. The idea is that accounting profit doesn't tell the whole story — value is only created when earnings exceed what shareholders could earn elsewhere at the same risk. A positive residual income signals a return above the cost of capital. Enter the net income, the equity capital and the cost of equity.

📊

Capital Gains Yield

Computes the capital gains yield of an asset: the percentage price appreciation between the start and end of the period, (P1 − P0)/P0. It's the part of the total return that comes from the price change, not counting dividends — added to the dividend yield, it gives the stock's total return. It serves to separate how much of the gain came from appreciation and how much from income. Enter the starting price and the ending price.

🏦

Bond Equivalent Yield (BEY)

Computes the Bond Equivalent Yield (BEY) of a discount instrument, such as a treasury bill sold below face value. The formula annualizes the percentage gain on the price paid on a 365-day basis: BEY = ((F − P)/P)·(365/t). It lets you compare, on the same ruler, a discount instrument with a coupon-paying bond. Be careful not to confuse it with the bank discount yield, which divides by face value and uses 360 days. Enter the face value, the purchase price and the days to maturity.

🌱

Realized Yield with Reinvestment

Computes the realized compound (horizon) yield of a bond held to maturity, taking into account the actual reinvestment rate of the coupons. Unlike YTM, which assumes coupons earn the bond's own rate, this calculation uses the rate you can actually get when reinvesting — hence the concept of reinvestment risk. It adds the future value of reinvested coupons to the principal and returns the annualized yield (BEY and effective annual). Enter the face, the coupon per period, the reinvestment rate, the periods, the purchase price and the periods per year.

〽️

Effective Convexity (Numerical)

Computes the effective convexity of a bond by finite differences, repricing the instrument for an up and a down yield move: (V− + V+ − 2·V0)/(V0·Δy²). Unlike analytical convexity, the effective version works even for bonds with uncertain cash flows, such as those with embedded options, because it only needs the three prices. It complements duration to better estimate the price change in large rate moves. Enter the three prices and the yield change used.

The results provided by this tool are for general informational and educational purposes only and do not constitute professional, financial, medical, legal, tax or accounting advice. Always confirm important decisions with a qualified professional and official sources.