Lucro Mineração por kWh

How mining profit per kWh is calculated

It all comes down to profit = revenue − (power · time · price_kWh). Revenue rides on three things: hashrate, the BTC price and network difficulty. The cost side is just electricity. Take an Antminer S21 with ~17.5 J/TH and 200 TH/s capacity, drawing around 3.5 kW. Run it for 24 h and you burn 84 kWh. At R$ 0.80/kWh, the Brazilian residential average, that is R$ 67.20/day before anything else. Revenue at current difficulty sits near US$ 16/day, so a residential BRL setup bleeds money. That same rig only flips to profit once electricity drops below R$ 0.30/kWh, which in practice means subsidized hydro contracts, a big industrial tariff, or rural off-grid solar.

Every 210,000 blocks, roughly every four years, the Bitcoin halving slices the mining reward in half. Margins get squeezed unless price or fees climb to make up for it. Difficulty, on the other hand, retargets every 2,016 blocks. So when miners pull the plug, difficulty falls and whoever is left clawing back a bit of revenue.

Applications

Figuring out whether to mine at all or just buy BTC outright. Weighing hardware generations against each other (S19 vs S21, and the J/TH efficiency gap). Running the numbers on ASIC versus GPU, where GPUs only earn their keep on memory-hard altcoins like Ethereum Classic or Ravencoin. And modeling the Brazilian case, where energy cost dominates everything: Paraguay pulling power from Itaipu, container mining next to remote hydro plants, stranded-energy farms parked in oil fields.

FAQ

Is home mining ever profitable in Brazil? Pretty much never on standard residential rates around R$ 0.80/kWh. Even the efficient ASICs lose money here, the exception being rooftop solar that covers the daytime plus net metering at real scale.

What does J/TH mean? Joules per terahash, the energy each TH/s eats. Lower wins. The S19j Pro runs around 29 J/TH, the S21 around 17.5 J/TH. Cut your J/TH in half and your electric cost per hash drops by roughly half too.

Does payback change with BTC price? A lot. Revenue tracks the BTC price linearly while your cost stays flat. Double the BTC price and a losing operation can swing to profit, no hardware swap and no change in kWh.