DARF Cripto

How crypto DARF is calculated

Crypto capital gains in Brazil run on a progressive scale. You pay 15% up to R$ 5M, 17.5% up to R$ 10M, 20% up to R$ 30M, and 22.5% on anything above that. The DARF goes under code 4600 (capital gains). To see it in action: a gain of R$ 5,000 on R$ 40,000 of monthly disposals at 15% comes out to R$ 750.

There's an exemption for monthly disposals up to R$ 35,000, counting all exchanges and wallets together, and those are tax-free. Go one centavo over that threshold, though, and the whole gain becomes taxable. Law 14.754/2023 brought in separate rules for offshore exchanges, with annual taxation at a flat 15%. Mining, staking, DeFi yield and NFT sales count as ordinary income or capital gains depending on the operation, per IN RFB 1.888/2019. Anyone holding a crypto balance over R$ 5,000 at year-end has to declare it on the annual IRPF.

Brazilian context

Domestic exchanges such as Mercado Bitcoin, Foxbit, NovaDAX and Binance BR report to Receita Federal every month under the "Coleta Cripto" obligation. Offshore exchanges and self-custody wallets are a different story — there it's on you to declare. The reform under Lei 14.754/2023 put an end to the long-standing separate treatment for foreign-held crypto, bringing those rates in line with domestic operations from 2024 onward.

FAQ

Does swapping one crypto for another count? Yes. Every time you trade one asset for another (BTC → ETH, USDT → BTC) counts as a disposal, and the BRL equivalent goes toward the monthly R$ 35,000 limit.

Are stablecoins taxed? Yes. As far as Receita Federal is concerned, USDT, USDC, BRZ and the like are crypto-assets. Converting them to BRL or to another crypto falls under the same rules.

What about staking rewards? Rewards are taxed the moment you receive them, as ordinary income at their acquisition value. When you later sell, that follows capital-gain rules, using the price on the reward date as your cost basis.

Do I have to report exchanges abroad? Yes. Under IN 1.888/2019 you have to report monthly any operation above R$ 30,000 that happens outside Brazilian exchanges, and you still declare your holdings on the annual IRPF.