Distância do Equador (km)

Distance from the Equator in kilometers

Distance from the Equator depends only on absolute latitude: d = |φ| × 111.32 km, since one degree of latitude spans roughly 111.32 km on the Earth's surface. The Equator is the 0° parallel; the tropics (Cancer and Capricorn at ±23.43°) sit about 2,600 km away; the poles (±90°) about 10,000 km. Examples: Brasília (-15.8°) is ~1,760 km from the Equator, Berlin (52.5°) is ~5,840 km, and Reykjavík (64.1°) ~7,140 km. The formula assumes a spherical Earth — the ellipsoidal correction adds less than 1% even at high latitudes.

Applications

Climate analysis (higher latitudes mean stronger seasonality and lower average insolation); solar planning and PV sizing (sun angle and panel tilt depend on latitude); map projection choices (Mercator distorts strongly far from the Equator); biogeography and crop suitability; satellite ground-track and ISS pass planning.

FAQ

Why exactly 111.32 km per degree? The Earth's polar circumference is ~40,008 km; dividing by 360° gives ~111.13 km. The 111.32 figure uses the equatorial radius and averages well for general use.

Does longitude matter? No — for distance to the Equator only the latitude counts. Longitude affects east-west position, not north-south.

Is the result the same in both hemispheres? Yes — the formula uses absolute value, so latitude -23.5° and +23.5° give the same ~2,615 km.