Effective Dose
Compute the effective dose, E = H·wT, multiplying the equivalent dose in an organ (H, in mSv) by the tissue weighting factor (wT) reflecting the tissue's radiosensitivity. While the equivalent dose accounts for the radiation type, the effective dose weights the risk by the irradiated organ (gonads and marrow are more sensitive than skin or bone). It is the quantity used in occupational dose limits. Enter the equivalent dose and the tissue weighting factor.
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Dose efetiva
A radioproteção usa três grandezas de dose em camadas, cada uma refinando a anterior. A dose absorvida (Gy) mede a energia depositada por kg. A dose equivalente H (Sv) a multiplica pelo fator wR, que pondera o tipo de radiação (partículas alfa causam ~20× mais dano que raios gama para a mesma energia). E a dose efetiva E = H·wT dá o passo final: pondera pelo órgão irradiado, através do fator de ponderação tecidual wT, que reflete a radiossensibilidade de cada tecido. Os valores (definidos pela ICRP) somam 1,0 no corpo inteiro: gônadas e medula óssea têm wT alto (~0,12 cada, mais sensíveis ao câncer e a efeitos genéticos); pele e superfície óssea, baixo (~0,01). Assim, a dose efetiva traduz uma irradiação parcial num risco equivalente de corpo inteiro — e é justamente ela que os limites de dose ocupacionais (ex.: 20 mSv/ano) regulam. Informe a dose equivalente no órgão e o fator de ponderação tecidual.
Related Tools
Collective Dose
Compute the collective dose, S = mean individual dose · number of people, in person-sievert (person-Sv), summing the dose received by an entire exposed group. It is the quantity used to assess the total impact of an exposure on a population — in radiation protection, practice optimization and epidemiological studies. Even small individual doses, multiplied by many people, produce a significant collective dose. Enter the mean individual dose and the number of people.
Inverse Square Law (Radiation)
Compute the radiation intensity at a new distance from a point source, I₂ = I₁·(d₁/d₂)², by the inverse square law: intensity falls with the square of distance. Doubling the distance reduces the dose to a quarter — which is why distance is one of the three basic radiation-protection defenses (time, distance and shielding) and the most effective and cheapest. Enter the initial intensity and distance and the new distance.
Gamma Exposure Rate
Compute the exposure (or dose) rate of a point gamma source, X = Γ·A/d², from the exposure-rate constant (Γ, specific to the radionuclide), the source activity (A) and the distance (d). It combines the source strength with the inverse square law, allowing you to estimate the dose received at a given distance — fundamental in planning tasks with radioactive sources. Enter the gamma constant, the activity and the distance.
The results provided by this tool are for general informational and educational purposes only and do not constitute professional, financial, medical, legal, tax or accounting advice. Always confirm important decisions with a qualified professional and official sources.