Feed per Tooth (Milling)
Calculate the feed per tooth in milling, f_z = v_f ÷ (z·n), from the table feed rate v_f (mm/min), the number of cutter teeth (cutting edges) z and the rotation n (rpm). Feed per tooth is the material thickness EACH cutter tooth removes per pass through the part, and it directly controls chip thickness, the load on each edge and thus tool life and finish. Makers specify a recommended feed per tooth for each tool-material pair: too HIGH overloads and chips the teeth (chip too thick); too LOW makes the edge rub instead of cut, causing friction, heat and premature wear, plus low productivity. The relation shows how the table feed rate (programmed by the operator) connects to feed per tooth (the cutting physics): v_f = f_z·z·n. So cutters with more teeth allow higher feed rates at the same feed per tooth — the basis of high-productivity milling. Enter the feed rate, the number of teeth and the rotation.
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Avanço por dente (fresamento)
O avanço por dente no fresamento é f_z = v_f ÷ (z·n), a partir da velocidade de avanço da mesa v_f, do número de dentes (arestas de corte) da fresa z e da rotação n. O avanço por dente é a espessura de material que cada dente da fresa remove a cada passagem pela peça, e é o parâmetro que controla diretamente a espessura do cavaco, a carga sobre cada aresta e, portanto, a vida da ferramenta e o acabamento. Os fabricantes especificam um avanço por dente recomendado para cada combinação ferramenta-material: avanço muito alto sobrecarrega e lasca os dentes (cavaco espesso demais); muito baixo faz a aresta esfregar em vez de cortar, gerando atrito, calor e desgaste prematuro, além de baixa produtividade. A relação mostra como a velocidade de avanço da mesa (que o operador programa na máquina) se conecta ao avanço por dente (que define a física do corte): v_f = f_z·z·n. Por isso fresas com mais dentes permitem maior velocidade de avanço mantendo o mesmo avanço por dente — base do fresamento de alta produtividade, em que fresas com muitos insertos avançam rápido sem sobrecarregar cada aresta. Informe a velocidade de avanço, o número de dentes e a rotação.
Related Tools
Machining Cutting Speed
Calculate the machining cutting speed, Vc = (π·D·n) ÷ 1000, from the diameter D (mm — of the workpiece in turning or the tool in milling) and the rotation n (rpm). The result, in m/min, is the relative tangential speed between the cutting edge and the workpiece — the MOST important machining parameter, governing cutting temperature, tool wear, finish and productivity. Each workpiece-tool material combination has an optimal cutting-speed range recommended by makers: too high overheats and wears the tool fast (shortening life per Taylor's equation); too low cuts productivity and can cause built-up edge (BUE) and poor finish. Cutting speed is the starting point of any machining plan: from it and the diameter, the machine rpm is computed; it depends on material (steel, aluminum, titanium have very different ranges), tool material (HSS, carbide, ceramic) and operation. Enter the diameter and the rotation.
Chip Shear Angle
Calculate the shear-plane angle in chip formation, φ = arctan[(r_c·cos α) ÷ (1 − r_c·sin α)], from the cutting ratio r_c (undeformed chip thickness ÷ deformed chip thickness, always < 1) and the tool rake angle α (degrees). In the orthogonal cutting model (the basis of machining theory), material is not 'scraped': it undergoes intense SHEAR deformation along an inclined plane — the shear plane — where it turns from part to chip almost instantly. That plane's angle, φ, is a central measure of cutting mechanics: LARGER shear angles mean thinner chips, less deformation, lower cutting force and energy and less heat — all desirable. The angle depends on the cutting ratio (measured by comparing chip thickness to feed) and the tool rake angle: tools with more positive rake give larger shear angles and cut with less effort (but have a more fragile edge). Merchant's theory relates φ to chip-tool friction and rake angle, and predicts the angle that minimizes energy. From chip measurements, this calculation lets you analyze cutting efficiency and the influence of tool geometry and lubrication. Enter the cutting ratio and the rake angle.
Lead Screw Lead
Compute the lead of a ball screw or power screw, Lead = pitch · number of starts, the linear distance the nut travels per full turn of the screw. On a single-start screw the lead equals the pitch; with multiple starts the lead increases proportionally, allowing more linear speed at the same rotation. The basis of rotation-to-displacement conversion in CNC and linear actuators. Enter the pitch and the number of starts.
The results provided by this tool are for general informational and educational purposes only and do not constitute professional, financial, medical, legal, tax or accounting advice. Always confirm important decisions with a qualified professional and official sources.