Specific Steam Consumption
Calculate the specific steam consumption (steam rate) of a turbine, SSC = 3600 ÷ Δh, dividing 3600 (s/h) by the available enthalpy drop in the turbine (kJ/kg). The result, in kg/kWh, gives how many kilograms of steam are needed to generate one kilowatt-hour. The lower the specific consumption, the more efficient the conversion: larger enthalpy drops (hotter steam and greater expansion) cut the steam needed per kWh. It is a practical indicator to compare turbines and estimate the steam flow required for a given power. Enter the available enthalpy drop.
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Consumo específico de vapor (steam rate)
O consumo específico de vapor (CEV, ou steam rate) responde de forma prática: quantos quilos de vapor preciso para gerar 1 kWh? Ele é o inverso da energia que cada quilo de vapor entrega, ajustado às unidades: CEV = 3600 ÷ Δh, onde Δh é a queda de entalpia disponível na turbina (kJ/kg) e 3600 converte segundos em hora (1 kWh = 3600 kJ). O resultado vem em kg/kWh. A leitura é direta: quanto menor o consumo específico, melhor — significa que cada quilo de vapor produz mais energia. E o que reduz o CEV é uma queda de entalpia maior, obtida com vapor de entrada mais quente e mais pressurizado e com a menor pressão de saída possível. O CEV é útil para comparar turbinas rapidamente e para dimensionar a vazão de vapor que uma caldeira precisa fornecer para atingir uma potência desejada: basta multiplicar o CEV pela potência. Informe a queda de entalpia disponível na turbina.
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Steam Turbine Power
Calculate the mechanical power generated by a steam turbine, P = ṁ × (h₁ − h₂), multiplying the steam mass flow (kg/s) by the enthalpy drop between turbine inlet and outlet (kJ/kg). The result, in kW, is the shaft power delivered to the generator, accounting for the expansion of high-pressure, high-temperature steam down to condenser pressure. It is the core calculation in sizing thermal power and cogeneration plants: the larger the enthalpy drop, the more power per kg of steam. Enter the steam flow and the inlet and outlet enthalpies.
Rankine Cycle Efficiency
Calculate the thermal efficiency of a Rankine cycle, η = (w_turbine − w_pump) ÷ q_boiler × 100%, dividing the net work (turbine work minus pump work) by the heat added in the boiler, all in kJ/kg. The Rankine cycle is the basis of steam power plants: water is pumped, heated and vaporized in the boiler, expands through the turbine producing work, then condenses. The result, in %, measures how much boiler heat becomes useful work; real cycles run 30–45%. Enter the turbine work, the pump work and the boiler heat.
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