Fabric Thread Count
Compute a woven fabric's thread density by adding the warp threads (lengthwise) and weft threads (widthwise) per centimeter. It is an indicator of construction and quality: higher density usually means a firmer, more durable and fuller fabric. It appears on spec sheets as 'threads/cm' or 'thread count'. Enter the warp and weft threads per cm.
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Densidade de fios do tecido
Um tecido plano é uma grade de fios cruzados: o urdume corre no sentido do comprimento (montado no tear) e a trama cruza na largura (lançada pela lançadeira). A densidade de fios soma os dois por centímetro — é a 'resolução' do tecido. Maior densidade significa, em geral, tecido mais firme, encorpado, durável e opaco (e mais caro, por usar mais fio). No mundo da cama, o equivalente é o thread count (fios por polegada quadrada): lençóis de 200 fios são comuns, os de 400+ são premium (embora número altíssimo às vezes seja truque de marketing com fios multifilamento). A densidade, junto ao título do fio, define o fator de cobertura e o comportamento do tecido. Informe os fios de urdume e de trama por cm.
Related Tools
Fabric Cover Factor
Compute a fabric's cover factor, CF = thread density (threads/cm) · √(Tex), an index of how 'closed' the weave is — how much the threads cover the area, leaving more or fewer open spaces. High factors indicate dense, opaque fabrics (canvas, twill); low ones, sheer, breathable fabrics (voile, mesh). It influences air permeability, opacity and strength. Enter the thread density and the count in Tex.
Fabric Weight (GSM)
Compute a fabric's weight in grams per square meter (GSM) by dividing a sample's mass by its area. It is the main measure of fabric 'weight': light T-shirt knits are 140–180 g/m², sweatshirts 280–340, canvas and denim much more. GSM defines hand, drape, durability and price, and is specified in almost every textile spec sheet. Enter the sample's mass and area.
Fabric Shrinkage
Compute a fabric's shrinkage after washing, S = (initial measure − final measure)/initial measure · 100%, the percentage reduction in length or width. Almost every fabric shrinks in the first wash (cotton can exceed 5%), so the pattern must compensate for that percentage and the fabric is usually pre-shrunk (sanforized). Ignoring it makes the garment come out smaller than the nominal size. Enter the measures before and after washing.
Building Population
Estimate a building's population, Pop = (area per floor × number of floors) ÷ density, from the usable area per floor (m²), the number of floors and the occupancy density (m² per person). The result, in people, is the total population to be served by the vertical transport — the starting point of elevator traffic analysis. Occupancy density varies with use: ~10 m²/person in dense offices, ~15-20 m²/person in standard offices, with specific values for hotels and residences. Compared with the elevators' handling capacity, it tells whether the system is adequate. Enter the area per floor, the number of floors and the density.
Average Vehicle Spacing
Calculate the average vehicle spacing, s = 1000 ÷ k, dividing 1000 metres by the traffic density k (vehicles/km). The result, in metres, is the average distance between the fronts of two consecutive vehicles in a traffic stream. Spacing is the inverse of density: congested roads have high density and small spacing; free-flowing roads have low density and large spacing. It is the spatial analogue of headway (which is temporal) and relates to speed by s = v·h. The smallest spacing, at jam density, equals the vehicle length plus the minimum gap. Enter the traffic density.
Stand Density Index (Reineke)
Computes Reineke's stand density index, SDI = trees per hectare × (quadratic mean diameter ÷ 25)^1.605, which expresses the stocking of a forest stand as the equivalent number of trees per hectare it would hold if every one measured 25 cm DBH — the 10 inches of the original 1933 work, rounded in the metric version. The exponent 1.605 is the slope of the self-thinning line Reineke fitted empirically, and it is precisely what makes the index nearly independent of age and site quality, unlike a plain trees-per-hectare count. The number guides thinning decisions when compared with the species maximum SDI, which for most species falls between 1,000 and 1,200: competition mortality typically starts around 55% to 60% of the maximum, and the recommended management zone runs from 35% to 55%. In the example, 559 against a maximum of 1,100 gives about 51%, meaning the stand is still below the self-thinning threshold but already at the top of the management zone. Enter the number of trees per hectare and the quadratic mean diameter.
The results provided by this tool are for general informational and educational purposes only and do not constitute professional, financial, medical, legal, tax or accounting advice. Always confirm important decisions with a qualified professional and official sources.